Tennis Elbow - Lateral Epicondylitis

Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis): Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Tennis elbow, medically referred to as lateral epicondylitis, is a condition that causes pain around the outside of the elbow. In this post, we’ll take a closer look at its causes, symptoms, when to seek medical advice, and treatment options that may help in recovery.

 

What Are the Symptoms of Tennis Elbow?

People with tennis elbow typically experience pain and tenderness on the outer part of the elbow. The discomfort may extend into the forearm and even the back of the hand. This condition often results from overuse or repeated strain on the forearm muscles that are attached near the elbow joint.

The pain can vary from mild, occurring only during certain movements, to constant discomfort even when the elbow is at rest. Movements that commonly worsen the pain include:

  • Lifting or bending the arm
  • Gripping small objects like pens
  • Twisting the forearm (e.g., opening a jar or turning a door handle)

Pain and stiffness may also be present when fully extending the arm.

 

How Long Does Tennis Elbow Last?

Tennis elbow is generally self-limiting, meaning it tends to improve on its own. Most people recover within 6 months to 2 years, and studies suggest that about 90% of individuals make a full recovery within a year.

 

What Causes Tennis Elbow?

The condition is usually caused by overusing the muscles that straighten the wrist. This repetitive strain can lead to small tears and inflammation around the lateral epicondyle - the bony bump on the outside of your elbow.

Despite its name, tennis isn’t the only culprit. Any activity involving repeated wrist extension or gripping can lead to the condition. There's also a related condition called golfer’s elbow, which causes pain on the inner side of the elbow.

 

Effective Treatment Options

While tennis elbow often resolves without medical intervention, there are several strategies that may help alleviate pain and speed up recovery:

  1. Rest: Avoid activities that strain the affected arm. Continuing sports or repetitive tasks may delay healing.
  2. Cold Compresses: Applying a cold pack (like a bag of frozen peas wrapped in a towel) for 15 minutes several times a day can reduce pain and inflammation. Avoid direct contact between ice and skin.
  3. Support Braces: Elbow straps, clasps, or splints - often called epicondylitis braces - can help during activities. These are available at pharmacies and online.
  4. Pain Relief: Over-the-counter options like paracetamol (or Tylenol in the US) may reduce discomfort. Anti-inflammatory medications like ibuprofen are also helpful, either as tablets or topical gels. Always check the label and consult with a pharmacist or doctor before use.
  5. Physiotherapy: Massage, stretching, and targeted exercises guided by a physiotherapist can improve mobility and reduce pain.
  6. Surgery: As a last resort, surgical intervention may be considered for persistent cases.

 

When Should You See a Doctor?

If pain continues for more than 1-2 (One-Two) weeks despite resting, icing, and using over-the-counter treatments, it’s a good idea to consult a healthcare professional. Your doctor will likely examine the elbow, test wrist movements, and assess for any signs of nerve involvement. If necessary, imaging tests such as ultrasound may be used to rule out other causes.

 

Final Thoughts
Tennis elbow may sound minor, but for those affected, it can be quite painful and limiting. The good news is that with rest, appropriate care, and support, most people make a full recovery. Remember - if symptoms persist or worsen, seeking medical guidance is always the best step.

 

Source:

Mayo Clinic - Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis)
Doctor O'Donovan Youtube Channel